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This appendix describes how to perform backup
and restore operations on the system disk. You perform these tasks
by entering commands from a specialized backup environment. You access
this environment through the menu that is displayed when you boot
the OpenVMS
I64 OE DVD, or through an alternative method that does not require
theDVD. This specialized backup environment is required
because it allows you to create an exact copy of the system disk.
You cannot create an exact copy in a standard operating system environment
because the OpenVMS Backup utility saves only what is on the disk
at the moment the BACKUP command is executing, excluding portions
of open files contained in memory or data about files not yet written
back to the disk (cache). For more information about backup operations,
including procedures for backing up and restoring files and directories,
see the HP OpenVMS System Manager's Manual, Volume 1: Essentials. The primary reason for having a backup copy of
the system disk is so you can fully restore your system in case any
hardware or software problem affects the integrity of your original
system disk or your ability to access it. For example, use the backup
copy to restore your system under the following conditions: When a problem occurs
during an OpenVMS upgrade or update, or during the installation of
other software products. If you back up the system disk before you
attempt any of those procedures, you can restore the system disk
and attempt the procedure again. When a system file that
is accidentally deleted renders the system disk nonoperational. If
you back up the system disk after you installed or upgraded the OpenVMS
operating system and any other software products, you can restore
the system disk. When the drive that holds
the system disk malfunctions. If you have a backup copy of the system
disk, you can restore it to a functioning disk and continue to use
the system.
Another reason for backing up the system disk
is to eliminate disk fragmentation, which occurs when files are stored
noncontiguously on the disk. The BACKUP/IMAGE command creates a copy
on which files are stored contiguously. HP recommends the following: The preferred method for
performing system disk backup and restore operations is to boot the
operating system media, choose the DCL option from menu, and then
enter the appropriate backup commands. The detailed procedures are
described in Section E.4 and Section E.5. However, if you do not have access to the CD or
if you want to back up a shadowed system disk without disabling the
shadow set, you can use a different procedure, which is described
in Section E.6. Store the backup media
in a safe place. If you have an OpenVMS
Cluster environment with more than one system disk, be sure the volume
labels on each system disk and on backup copies of system disks are
unique. Use the SET VOLUME/LABEL command to change a volume label,
if necessary.
If any nodes except the node used to run BACKUP
are booted during the backup operations described in this appendix,
your cluster will become partitioned, where nodes in the existing
cluster divide into two or more independent clusters. This condition
can cause data file corruption. In addition, these backup environments do not
restrict your use of DCL commands to the BACKUP command only, which
further increases your risk of accidentally destroying or corrupting
data on a disk. Therefore, to avoid jeopardizing the integrity of
your data in any way, HP recommends that you shut down the entire
OpenVMS Cluster system before you back up your system disk. The following sections describe how to back up
the system disk. E.4.1 Getting Started | |
Before you back up the system disk, do the following: In
an OpenVMS Cluster environment, dismount the system disk from all
systems in the cluster that have the disk mounted as a data disk (rather
than as the system disk). Shut
down all systems booted from that disk. Boot
the operating system media. (For booting the OpenVMS I64 OE DVD,
see Section A.6.) Choose
the DCL option (8) on the menu. For example: ****************************************************************
You can install or upgrade the OpenVMS I64 operating system
or you can install or upgrade layered products that are included
on the OpenVMS I64 distribution media (CD/DVD).
You can also execute DCL commands and procedures to perform
"standalone" tasks, such as backing up the system disk.
Please choose one of the following:
1) Upgrade, install or reconfigure OpenVMS I64 Version 8.3-1H1
2) Display layered products that this procedure can install
3) Install or upgrade layered products
4) Show installed products
5) Reconfigure installed products
6) Remove installed products
7) Find, Install, or Undo patches; Show or Delete recovery data
8) Execute DCL commands and procedures
9) Shut down this system
Enter CHOICE or ? for help: (1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/?) 8 |
At
the triple dollar sign prompt ($$$), enter the SHOW DEVICES command. Examine
the list of devices to determine which device is the source drive
(the system disk you want to back up) and which device is the target
drive (the supported disk or tape device that will hold the backed
up files).
E.4.2 Mounting Devices | |
After you determine the source drive and target
drive, mount those devices (and any other output devices you plan
to use) before you perform any backup operations. Enter the MOUNT
commands in the following format: $$$ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION source-drive
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN target-drive |
In these commands: source-drive is the name of the drive holding the system disk. target-drive is the name of the drive that will hold the backup files.
E.4.3 Performing the System Disk Backup | |
When the system disk and output devices are mounted,
back up the system disk by entering the BACKUP command in the following
format: $$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY source-drive: target-drive: |
Example 1 In this example, the system disk and a target
disk are mounted so the BACKUP command can create a backup disk.
(You can use a backup disk as a system disk.) $$$ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION DKA200
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN DKA300
$$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY DKA200: DKA300: |
Example 2 In this example, the system disk and a target
tape device are mounted so the BACKUP command can create a backup
tape. $$$ INITIALIZE MKA300: label
$$$ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION DKA200
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN MKA300
$$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY DKA200: MKA300:SEP_07_BACKUP.BCK/SAVE_SET/REWIND |
E.4.4 Changing the Disk Volume Cluster Size | |
The BACKUP/IMAGE command maintains a set of disk
volume parameters from the input volume, altering attributes such
as the disk volume cluster size as appropriate for the target device.
(Cluster size refers to the basic unit of space allocation on the
disk, not to OpenVMS Cluster environments.) To change the disk volume cluster size, you must
restore the disk contents to a disk that has been previously initialized
with the desired cluster size (using BACKUP/IMAGE/NOINITIALIZE).
For more information about initializing a disk and using the BACKUP
command, see the HP OpenVMS System Manager's Manual, Volume 1: Essentials and the HP OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual: A-L, and see the description of the
INITIALIZE and BACKUP commands in the HP OpenVMS DCL Dictionary. E.4.5 Logging Out, Shutting Down, and Rebooting | |
After you complete the backup operation: Enter
the LOGOUT command to exit the DCL environment and return to the menu. Choose
the shutdown option (9). After
the shutdown completes, boot from the system disk.
The following sections describe how to restore
the system disk. Note that restoring a system disk also serves to
defragment the disk. In addition, it validates the backup, ensuring
that the backed up system disk is usable. E.5.1 Getting Started | |
Before you can restore the system disk, follow
these steps: Shut
down the system. Boot
the operating system media. (For booting the OpenVMS I64 OE DVD, see Section A.6.) Choose
the DCL option (8) on the menu. For example: You can install or upgrade the OpenVMS I64 operating system
or you can install or upgrade layered products that are included
on the OpenVMS I64 distribution (CD/DVD).
You can also execute DCL commands and procedures to perform
"standalone" tasks, such as backing up the system disk.
Please choose one of the following:
1) Upgrade, install or reconfigure OpenVMS I64 Version 8.3-1H1
2) Display layered products that this procedure can install
3) Install or upgrade layered products
4) Show installed products
5) Reconfigure installed products
6) Remove installed products
7) Find, Install, or Undo patches; Show or Delete recovery data
8) Execute DCL commands and procedures
9) Shut down this system
Enter CHOICE or ? for help: (1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/?) 8 |
At
the triple dollar sign prompt ($$$), enter the SHOW DEVICES command. Examine
the list of devices to determine which device is the source drive
(the drive holding the backed up files you want to restore) and which
device is the target drive (the disk on which you want the files restored).
E.5.2 Mounting Devices | |
After you determine the source drive and target
drive, mount those devices (and any other output devices you plan
to use) before you perform any restore operations. Enter the MOUNT
commands in the following format: $$$ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION source-drive
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN target-drive |
In these commands: source-drive is the device holding the files you want to restore (Note, however, that you must use the MOUNT/FOREIGN
command if the source drive is a tape device.) target-drive is the destination
E.5.3 Performing the System Disk Restore | |
Enter the BACKUP command in the following format
to restore the system disk: $$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY source-drive: target-drive: |
Example 1 In this example, a backup disk and a target disk
are mounted so the BACKUP command can restore the system disk from
the backup disk: $$$ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION DKA300
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN DKA200
$$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY DKA300: DKA200: |
Example 2 In this example, a backup tape and a target disk
are mounted so the BACKUP command can restore the system disk from
the backup tape: $$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN MKA300
$$$ MOUNT/FOREIGN DKA200
$$$ BACKUP/IMAGE/VERIFY MKA300:SEP_07_BACKUP.BCK/SAVE_SET DKA200: |
E.5.4 Logging Out, Shutting Down, and Rebooting | |
After you complete the restore operation, follow
these steps: Enter
the LOGOUT command to exit the DCL environment and return to the menu. Choose
the shutdown option (9). After
the shutdown completes, boot from the system disk.
This section describes an alternative method of
performing backup and restore operations. This method is similar
to creating a Standalone Backup directory on a disk, as supported
by OpenVMS VAX systems and certain earlier versions of OpenVMS Alpha
(using SYS$UPDATE.STABACKIT.COM). This method installs a Minimum OpenVMS Environment
(install with no options) on another disk from which you can perform
your backup and restore operations on the system disk. The Minimum
OpenVMS Environment is created in the SYSE root ([SYSE]) on the disk,
which runs a subset of OpenVMS and is indicated by the triple dollar
sign ($$$) system prompt. Use this method under the following conditions: If you do not have access
to the operating system media and its menu system If you want to back up
a shadowed system disk without disabling the shadow set
| | | |  | NOTE: You can back up your running system disk by using
the /IGNORE=INTERLOCK qualifier with the BACKUP command and ignoring
warning messages. However, that method requires that all other use
of the system be suspended, including disabling logins, stopping print
and batch queues, and turning off networking software. In addition,
you cannot use this method to restore files to the running system
disk. Because of these limitations, HP recommends that, if you must
use an alternative backup or restore method, you use the method described
in this section. | | | | |
E.6.1 Preparing an Alternate System Disk | |
Prepare an alternate system disk as follows: Log
in to a privileged account on your running OpenVMS system. Using
the SHOW DEVICE command, identify a data disk on which you can install
the operating system, with no options. This is your target disk during
that installation. To install the operating system with no options
on your target disk, you need the following amount of free disk space: Approximately 4,748,000 blocks (2.4GB)
Existing data remains on
the disk. The
target disk must be mounted privately to your process. (This prevents
other users from accessing this disk during the installation and backup
procedures.) Therefore, if the target disk was mounted with the /SYSTEM,
/CLUSTER, /GROUP, or /SHARE qualifier, dismount that disk and mount
it without those qualifiers or the /FOREIGN qualifier. For example: $ MOUNT/OVERRIDE=IDENTIFICATION DKA200 |
Enter the following command: $ @SYS$SYSTEM:I64VMS$PCSI_INSTALL_MIN.COM [target-disk] |
(The procedure prompts you for a device name if
you do not specify it on the command line.) As
the procedure completes the installation, the display is similar to
the following: HP I64VMS OPENVMS V8.3-1H1: OpenVMS and related products platform
COPYRIGHT (c) 30-Aug-2007
Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Execution phase starting ...
The following product will be installed:
HP I64VMS VMS V8.3-1H1
Portion Done: 0%..10%..20%..30%..40%..50%..60%..70%..80%..90%..100%
The following product has been installed:
HP I64VMS VMS V8.3-1H1
.
.
.
The installation of minimum OpenVMS I64 is now complete.
Use EFI or the boot option you just created or validated (if any)
to boot minimum OpenVMS. If you use EFI remember to set VMS_FLAGS
to E,0 before booting, and to reset VMS_FLAGS to 0,0 (or as
required by your system).
BOOT -FLAGS E,O device-name
(Some configurations may require a boot option to boot.) |
| | | |  | CAUTION: If your system is a cluster member, HP recommends
that you shut down the entire OpenVMS Cluster system before you back
up your system disk. This will prevent you from creating a partitioned
cluster and from jeopardizing the integrity of your data in any other
way. | | | | |
E.6.2 Using the Alternate System Disk | |
Use the alternate system disk (on which you installed
the operating system with no options) to perform backup and restore
operations as follows: Shut
down your system. Boot
the alternate system disk from the SYSE root. For OpenVMS I64 systems, you can add the alternate
system disk as a boot option in the EFI Boot Manager menu by using
the OpenVMS I64 Boot Manager utility (SYS$MANAGER:BOOT_OPTIONS.COM),
as described in Section A.5.2. When prompted, set the flags as e,0. Alternatively, boot the
alternate system disk manually by entering the following command at
the EFI Shell prompt, where fsn: (such
as fs1:) is the device associated with the system disk: Shell> fsn:\efi\vms\vms_loader.efi -flags e,0 |
The system automatically logs you in to the SYSTEM
account and then displays a triple dollar sign prompt ($$$). If
your system disk is shadowed, install and load a Volume Shadowing
for OpenVMS license on this data disk. Then you can back up the shadowed
system disk from this data disk without disabling the shadow set. | | | | | NOTE: HP recommends that you do not install any other licenses, including OpenVMS licenses, on this
alternate system. You can use the system only from the console. | | | | |
Mount
the system disk and any output devices you plan to use during the
backup or restore operations. See Section E.5.2 for more information. Perform
the necessary backup or restore operations by entering the appropriate
BACKUP commands. For examples of using the BACKUP command to back
up the system disk, see Section E.4.3; for examples of using the BACKUP command
to restore the system disk, see Section E.5.3. Shut
down the system. Boot
from your original system disk.
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