Document revision date: 30 March 2001

## OpenVMS System Management Utilities Reference Manual

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## /SAVE_SET

> Input Save-Set Qualifier

> Directs BACKUP to treat the input file as a BACKUP save set. You must specify /SAVE_SET when the input specifier refers to a BACKUP save set on disk.

### Format

> input-save-set-spec/SAVE_SET output-specifier

### Description

> The /SAVE_SET qualifier allows you to refer to a BACKUP save set on a local Files--11 disk, a remote Files--11 disk, or a sequential disk. If you do not specify /SAVE_SET, an input specifier that refers to a disk is treated as a Files--11 file. An input specifier that refers to tape is always treated as a BACKUP save set.

###

#### Examples

#1
    $ BACKUP DBA2:[BACKUP]1212MAR3.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA1:[*...]

> This command restores a save set named 1212MAR3.BCK from DBA2 to DBA1.

#2
    $ BACKUP/LIST DBA2:[SAVE]23MAR00.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command lists the BACKUP summary information and the file name, size, and creation date for each file in the save set named 23MAR00.BCK. The /SAVE_SET qualifier is required to identify the input specifier as a save set on a disk.

#3
    $ BACKUP/LOG DBA2:[SAVE]23MAR00.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA3:[PLI.WORK]

> This command restores the directory that was listed in Example 2. File specifications are logged to SYS$OUTPUT as the files are restored.

## /SAVE_SET

> Output Save-Set Qualifier

> Directs BACKUP to treat the output file as a BACKUP save set. You must specify the /SAVE_SET qualifier when the output specifier refers to a BACKUP save set on disk.

### Format

> input-specifier output-save-set-spec/SAVE_SET

### Description

> The /SAVE_SET qualifier allows you to create a BACKUP save set on a local Files--11 disk, a remote Files--11 disk, or a sequential disk. If you do not specify /SAVE_SET, an output specifier that refers to disk is treated as a Files--11 file. An output specifier that refers to tape is always treated as a BACKUP save set.

###

#### Examples

#1
    $ BACKUP [HILL] DBA1:[BACKUP]SEP28.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command saves the directory [HILL] to a save set named SEP28.BCK on a Files--11 disk.

#2
    $ BACKUP DBA2:[PLI.WORK]*.*; [SAVE]23MAR00.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command saves the highest numbered version of each file in directory [PLI.WORK] in a save set named 23MAR00.BCK on the same disk.

#3
    $ BACKUP
    _From: []
    _To: MILO"FRANKIE THISISMINE"::DUA0:[FRANKIE]MYDIR.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command saves all files in the current default directory to a network save set named MYDIR.BCK on node MILO.

#4
     $ MOUNT/FOREIGN DBA0:
    $ BACKUP [SIMS] DBA0:SIMS.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command saves all files in the directory [SIMS] to a sequential-disk save set named SIMS.BCK.

## /SELECT

> Input Save-Set Qualifier

> Selects the specified files for processing.

### Format

> input-save-set-spec/SELECT=(file-spec[,...]) output-specifier

### Description

> If you specify more than one file, separate the file specifications with commas and enclose the list in parentheses. Do not use a device specification when you define the files to be selected. You can use most standard wildcard characters, but you cannot use wildcard characters denoting latest version of files (;) and relative versions of files (;-n).

> Note that BACKUP does not apply temporary file specification defaults within the list. Each file specification independently takes its defaults from the file specification [000000...]*.*;*.

### Example

    $ BACKUP DBA1:JUL20.BCK/SAVE_SET/SELECT=[SNOW]BALL.PAS [WINTER.GAME]BALL.PAS

> This command selects a file named [SNOW]BALL.PAS from a sequential-disk save set and restores it to the directory [WINTER.GAME] on the current default device.

## /SINCE

> Input File-Selection Qualifier

> Selects files dated equal to or later than the specified date and time.

### Format

> input-specifier/SINCE=time output-specifier

### Description

> The /SINCE qualifier selects files by comparing the date and time in the specified field of each file header record with the date and time you specify in the command line. The following table shows the input file-selection qualifiers you can use with /SINCE and their functions. Use only one of these qualifiers at a time in your command line.

> Qualifier | Function
> --- | ---
> /BACKUP | Selects files last saved or copied by BACKUP/RECORD since the date specified. Also selects files with no BACKUP date.
> /CREATED | Selects files created since the date specified.
> /EXPIRED | Selects files that have expired since the date specified.
> /MODIFIED | Selects files last modified since the date specified. If you specify /SINCE without another qualifier, /MODIFIED is used by default.

> Specify the date and time as a delta time or as an absolute time using the format [dd-mmm-yyyy[:]][hh:mm:ss.cc]. You can also use one of the following reserved words to specify the date and time:

> BACKUP | The BACKUP/RECORD operation (available only on Files--11 Structure Levels 2 and 5 volumes)
> TODAY | The current day, month, and year at 00:00:00.0 o'clock
> TOMORROW | 24 hours after midnight last night
> YESTERDAY | 24 hours before midnight last night

> Make sure to perform an image backup, using the BACKUP/IMAGE/RECORD command, before performing regular incremental backups. The image backup saves a copy of the entire disk and marks each file as having been saved. Regularly performed subsequent incremental backups assume an image backup was already performed and therefore will save new or modified files. If an image backup was not performed first, the incremental backups will save more files than may be necessary, in an attempt to ensure that an incremental restore will be successful.

### Example

    $ BACKUP [PLI.WORK]/SINCE=YESTERDAY/MODIFIED [PLI.SAV]

> This command copies selected files in the directory [PLI.WORK] to the directory [PLI.SAV]. Only those files that have been modified since 24 hours preceding midnight last night are processed. Even though it is used in this example, the /MODIFIED qualifier is not required because its action is the default when the /SINCE qualifier is specified.

## /TAPE_EXPIRATION

> Output Save-Set Qualifier

> Writes a file expiration date other than the current date to the file header label of the save set.

### Format

> input-specifier output-save-set-spec/TAPE_EXPIRATION[=date]

### Description

> When you specify the output save-set qualifier /REWIND during a save operation to magnetic tape, BACKUP checks that the expiration date of the first file on the tape has expired before initializing the tape. Initializing the tape removes access to data previously stored on the tape.

> Compaq recommends that you specify an expiration date whenever you create a BACKUP save set on magnetic tape using /REWIND. Daily BACKUP tapes should expire in seven days, weekly BACKUP tapes should expire in one month, and monthly BACKUP tapes should expire in one year.

> Specify the date in the following format:

>     dd:mmm:yyyy

> where:

> dd | is the date.
> mmm | is a 3-letter abbreviation of the month.
> yyyy | is the year.

> BACKUP writes the expiration date into the file's HDR1 ANSI label on the tape. If you do not use the /TAPE_EXPIRATION qualifier, BACKUP uses today's date as the expiration date.

### Example

    $ BACKUP DBA1:
    _To: MTA0:13SEPBAK.BCK/REWIND/TAPE_EXPIRATION=20-SEP-2000/LABEL=SEPW02

> In this example, the save set file 13SEPBAK.BCK receives an expiration date of September 20, 2000. Becauses this command includes the /REWIND qualifier, 13NOVBAK.BCK is the first file on the tape and its expiration date indicates that the tape expires after seven days.

## /TRUNCATE

> Command Qualifier

> Controls whether a copy or restore operation truncates a sequential output file at the end-of-file (EOF) when creating it.

### Format

> /[NO]TRUNCATE input-specifier output-specifier

### Description

> By default, a copy or restore operation uses the allocation of the input file to determine the size of the output file. Specify /TRUNCATE if you want the output files to be truncated at the end-of-file (EOF).

### Example

    $ DIRECTORY/SIZE [FRANKIE]ORIGINAL.DAT
    Directory DMA0:[FRANKIE]
    ORIGINAL.DAT          35
    Total of 1 file, 35 blocks
    $ COPY ORIGINAL.DAT EXTENDED.DAT/ALLOCATION=500
    $ BACKUP [FRANKIE]EXTENDED.DAT MFA0:20JUL.BCK/LABEL=WKLY03
    $ BACKUP/TRUNCATE MFA0:20JUL.BCK/LABEL=WKLY03  DMA0:[FRANKIE]

> This sequence of commands performs the following tasks:

> - Determines that the file ORIGINAL.DAT is 35 blocks long.
> - Copies ORIGINAL.DAT to EXTENDED.DAT, allocating 500 blocks for EXTENDED.DAT.
> - Saves the file EXTENDED.DAT to a save set named 20JUL.BCK on MFA0. BACKUP writes the file allocation size in the file header record of the saved file but saves only 35 blocks in the save set.
> - Restores the save set file on MFA0 to a volume mounted on DMA0 and truncates the output files at the EOF. The restored file is 35 blocks long.

## /UNSHELVE

> Command Qualifier

> Controls whether the Backup utility designates files from a BACKUP save operation as unshelved or shelved.

### Format

> /[NO]UNSHELVE input-specifier output-specifier

### Description

> The /UNSHELVE qualifier specifies that the Backup utility designate files from a BACKUP save operation as unshelved, which means the data is available in an online state. A shelved file contains no actual file data. However, the file header remains intact and online. The default behavior is unshelved except during BACKUP save operations that require the /PHYSICAL or /IMAGE qualifier. For those operations, the files remain in their original file shelving state.

> For more information about file shelving, refer to the POLYCENTER File Shelving Facility (HSM) documentation.

### Example

    $ BACKUP/UNSHELVE [INFO] DBA0:INFO.BCK/SAVE_SET

> This command saves all files in the directory [INFO] to a sequential-disk save set named INFO.BCK. The files saved from [INFO] are unshelved (data is available online).

## /VERIFY

> Command Qualifier

> Specifies that the contents of the output specifier be compared with the contents of the input specifier after a save, restore, or copy operation is completed.

### Format

> /VERIFY input-specifier output-specifier

### Description

> The /VERIFY qualifier is different from the command qualifier /COMPARE. Unlike the /VERIFY qualifier, the command qualifier /COMPARE cannot be used in a save, restore, copy, or list operation. The /VERIFY qualifier directs BACKUP to perform the copy, save, or restore operation first and then to perform the compare operation.

> On file-structured copy operations, each file is compared after it is copied. On physical copy operations, the volume is compared after it is copied. For a save or restore operation, the verification is performed in a separate pass and is preceded by the following informational message:

>     %BACKUP-I-STARTVERIFY, starting verification pass

> If a file does not compare successfully, BACKUP displays the following error message:

>     %BACKUP-E-VERIFYERR, verification error for block 'block-number'
>     of 'disk:[directory]file_name.file_type;version_number'

> The /VERIFY qualifier does not work on a restore or copy operation when the /NEW_VERSION output file qualifier is also used. Because the /NEW_VERSION qualifier reassigns output file versions, it is not possible to correctly associate the created output files with the input files from which they were copied.

### Example

    $ BACKUP/VERIFY/LOG *.LIS MFA0:LIST.BCK
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRE.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRETIME.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]EXC.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]NOREB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]REB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]SETREB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COPIED, copied DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]VERS.LIS;1

    %BACKUP-I-STARTVERIFY, starting verification pass
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRE.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]CRETIME.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]EXC.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]NOREB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]REB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]SETREB.LIS;1
    %BACKUP-S-COMPARED, compared DISK$DEFAULT:[WONDER]VERS.LIS;1

> This example creates a magnetic tape save set on MFA0 and starts the verification pass after the save operation is completed. The /LOG qualifier displays the file names as they are processed.

## /VOLUME

> Command Qualifier

> Indicates that a specific disk volume in a disk volume set is to be processed. The /VOLUME qualifier is valid only when used with the /IMAGE qualifier.

### Format

> /IMAGE/VOLUME= n input-specifier output-specifier

### Description

> The /VOLUME qualifier allows you to perform an image save, restore, or copy operation using one more disk drive than the number of disks in the input volume set. When you use /VOLUME, you must write-lock the entire input volume set.

> When you perform an image copy or save operation with the /VOLUME qualifier, all disks in the input volume set must be mounted. Mount the volumes of the target volume set one at a time. Enter a separate BACKUP command for each disk in the input volume set. A save set created with the /VOLUME qualifier must be restored using the /VOLUME qualifier.

> You can restore any image save set with the /VOLUME qualifier. All disks in the output volume set must be mounted. Mount the disks in the input volume set one at a time. You cannot use the command qualifier /NOINITIALIZE in the restore operation with the command qualifier /VOLUME.

> In a compare operation that uses the /VOLUME qualifier to compare two disk volume sets, all disks in both volume sets must be mounted. In a selected-volume compare operation between a save set on tape and a disk volume set, all disks in the disk volume set must be mounted.

### Example

    $ BACKUP/IMAGE/VOLUME=3 DISK$PUBLIC DRA1:

> This command creates a functionally equivalent copy of the third volume of a volume set named DISK$PUBLIC to DRA1. The disk mounted in DRA1 becomes the third volume of the image-copy volume set.

## 7.6 BACKUP Examples

> Table 7-4 shows BACKUP command formats for save operations and some of the qualifiers you can use with a save operation.

> Table 7-4 Save Operation Quick Reference
> Command Action | Command Format and Example
> --- | ---
> Saves a file to a save set on magnetic tape | BACKUP file-spec save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP STRATDAT1.DAT MTA0:STRATDAT1.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
> Saves the most recent versions of files in a directory to magnetic tape | BACKUP [directory]*.*; save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP [LYKINS...]*.*; MTA0:1409MAR17.BCK/LABEL=WKY102
> Saves a disk volume to a save set on magnetic tape | BACKUP/IMAGE ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP/IMAGE DBA1: MTA0:000FEB4.BCK/LABEL=MTH101
> Saves a disk volume to a multivolume save set on more than one magnetic tape drive | BACKUP/IMAGE ddcu: save-set-specifier,ddcu:.../LABEL=(label1,...) $ BACKUP/IMAGE DBA1: MTA0:17MAR.BCK,MTA1:/ - _$ LABEL=(WKY101,WKY102)
> Saves a list of files to a save set on magnetic tape | BACKUP file-spec,file-spec,... save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP DBA1:[LYKINS...]*.PAS,DMA0:[DAKOTA...]*.PAS - _$ MTA0:PAS17MAR.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
> Saves a disk volume for incremental backups for the first time | BACKUP/RECORD/IMAGE/LOG ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP/RECORD/IMAGE/LOG DBA1: MTA0:985FEB4.BCK/ - _$ LABEL=DLY101
> Saves a disk volume for incremental backups (not the first time) | BACKUP/RECORD/FAST/LOG ddcu:[*...]/SINCE=BACKUP save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP/RECORD/FAST/LOG DBA1:[*...]/SINCE=BACKUP - _$ MTA0:988FEB4.BCK/LABEL=DLY101
> Saves an unstructured disk volume | BACKUP/PHYSICAL ddcu: save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP/PHYSICAL DMA1: MTA0:985FEB4.BCK/LABEL=MTH101
> Saves a directory to a save set on a Files--11 disk | BACKUP [directory] save-set-specifier/SAVE_SET $ BACKUP [LYKINS] DBA2:[BACKUP]1609FEB3.BCK/SAVE_SET
> Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape | BACKUP [directory...] save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP [LYKINS...] MTA0:1612FEB3.BCK/LABEL=TAPE01
> Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape and creates a listing file | BACKUP/LIST=file-spec [directory...] save-set-specifier/LABEL=label $ BACKUP/LIST=8SEP.LOG [LYKINS...] MTA0:8SEP.BCK/LABEL=WKL101
> Saves a directory tree to a save set on magnetic tape using data compaction to increase the amount of data stored on a tape cartridge | BACKUP [directory...] save-set-specifier/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION $ BACKUP [TESTFILES...]*.*;* MUA0:TEST.SAV/MEDIA_FORMAT=COMPACTION/REWIND

> Table 7-5 shows BACKUP command formats for restore operations and some of the qualifiers you can use with restore operations. In the examples in this table, it is assumed that save sets already exist on the magnetic tape and disk.

> Table 7-5 Restore Operation Quick Reference
> Command Action | Command Format and Example
> --- | ---
> Restores from save set on disk to Files--11 disk with original UICs | BACKUP save-set-specifier/SAVE_SET ddcu:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL $ BACKUP DBA2:[BACKUP]FEB2.BCK/SAVE_SET DBA1:[*...]- _$/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
> Restores from a save set on magnetic tape to a Files--11 disk with original UICs | BACKUP save-set-specifier ddcu:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL $ BACKUP MTA0:1618FEB2.BCK DBA1:[*...]/BY_OWNER=ORIGINAL
> Restores a selected file in a save set on magnetic tape to a Files--11 disk | BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=file-spec file-spec $ BACKUP MTA0:FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[POUDRE]UPLIFT.PAS - _$ DBA1:[GEO.PAS]UPLIFT.PAS
> Restores files with a specific UIC to a Files--11 disk | BACKUP save-set-specifier/BY_OWNER=[uic] file-spec $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/BY_OWNER=[360,052] - _$ DBA1:[LYKINS...]
> Restores files to a Files--11 disk with a new UIC | BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/BY_OWNER=[uic] $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK - _$ DBA1:[TESTS...]/BY_OWNER=[100,150]
> Restores files to a Files--11 disk; if file exists, creates new version | BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/NEW_VERSION $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK DBA1:[LYKINS...]/NEW_VERSION
> Restores files to a Files--11 disk; if file exists, replaces with new version | BACKUP save-set-specifier file-spec/REPLACE $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK DBA1:[LYKINS...]/REPLACE
> Restores files to a Files--11 disk selecting certain files | BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=file-spec file-spec $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[LYKINS.PAS] - _$ DBA1:[LYKINS...]
> Restores a directory tree, placing files in a different subtree | BACKUP save-set-specifier/SELECT=[directory...] [directory2...] $ BACKUP MTA0:1641FEB2.BCK/SELECT=[FIELD...] - _$ DBA1:[LYKINS.NEWDATA...]
> Restores a Files--11 volume from a physical save set | BACKUP/PHYSICAL save-set-specifier ddcu: $ BACKUP/PHYSICAL MTA0:26MAR.BCK DMA3:
> Restores a Files--11 volume from an image save set | BACKUP/IMAGE save-set-specifier ddcu: $ BACKUP/IMAGE MTA0:17AUG.BCK DRA3:
> Restores a Files--11 volume, maintaining the initialization parameters specified in the DCL command INITIALIZE | INITIALIZE ddcu: volume-name/new-parameters MOUNT/FOREIGN ddcu: BACKUP/IMAGE save-set-specifier ddcu:/NOINITIALIZE $ INITIALIZE DBA1: UTTLPACK/CLUSTER=5 $ MOUNT/FOREIGN DBA1: $ BACKUP/IMAGE MTA0:17AUG.BCK DBA1:/NOINITIALIZE

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