# Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS

# Management

Order Number: AA--LU50L--TE

# January 2001

This manual describes how to configure and manage the TCP/IP Services product.

Revision/Update Information: This manual supersedes Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management, Version 5.0.

Software Version: Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Version 5.1

Operating System: OpenVMS Alpha Versions 7.1, 7.2-1 OpenVMS VAX Versions 7.1, 7.2

Compaq Computer Corporation Houston, Texas

© 2001 Compaq Computer Corporation

COMPAQ, VAX, VMS, and the Compaq logo Registered in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

DECnet, OpenVMS, PATHWORKS, and Tru64 are trademarks of Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P. in the United States and other countries.

UNIX is a trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.

All other product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.

Confidential computer software. Valid license from Compaq required for possession, use, or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license.

Compaq shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information in this document is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind and is subject to change without notice. The warranties for Compaq products are set forth in the express limited warranty statements accompanying such products. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty.

ZK6526

This document is available on CD-ROM.

Contents | Index

# Preface

The Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS product is the Compaq implementation of the TCP/IP networking protocol suite and internet services for OpenVMS Alpha and OpenVMS VAX systems.

A layered software product, TCP/IP Services provides a comprehensive suite of functions and applications that support industry-standard protocols for heterogeneous network communications and resource sharing.

This manual provides system and network managers with information needed for the day-to-day management of the TCP/IP Services software product. This manual is best used in conjunction with the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Reference manual.

See the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Installation and Configuration manual for information about installing, configuring, and starting this product.

# Intended Audience

This manual is for experienced OpenVMS and UNIX system managers and assumes a working knowledge of TCP/IP networking, TCP/IP terminology, and some familiarity with the TCP/IP Services product.

# Document Structure

This manual contains seven parts, as follows:

Part 1 | Describes how to configure network interfaces, how to set up serial lines, and how to configure and manage routing.
Part 2 | Describes how to set up and manage the BIND server, resolver, and load broker components.
Part 3 | Describes how to set up the following network services: DHCP server DHCP client BOOTP and TFTP Portmapper Network Time Protocol (NTP) SNMP
Part 4 | Describes how to configure network applications that let users send and receive electronic mail from the internet, establish login sessions with a remote host, and transfer files. These network applications are: TELNET FTP Remote (R) commands SMTP and POP XDM-compatible X displays
Part 5 | Describes how to configure, use, and manage the components that enable transparent network file sharing, including the NFS server and NFS client.
Part 6 | Describes how to configure and manage network printing services, including LPD/LPR, TELNETSYM, and PC-NFS.
Part 7 | Provides appendixes that: Explain how to configure GATED. Provide EBCDIC/DMCS translation tables. Describe how NFS converts UNIX file names to OpenVMS files names. List the acronyms related to TCP/IP networking.

# Related Documents

Table 1 lists the documents available with this version of TCP/IP Services.

Table 1 TCP/IP Services Documentation
Manual | Contents
--- | ---
DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Concepts and Planning | This manual provides conceptual information about networking and the TCP/IP protocol including a description of the Compaq implementation of the Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND) service and the Network File System (NFS). It outlines general planning issues to consider before configuring your system to use the TCP/IP Services software. This manual also describes the manuals in the documentation set, provides a glossary of terms and acronyms for the TCP/IP Services software product, and documents how to contact the InterNIC Registration Service to register domains and access Request for Comments (RFCs).
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Release Notes | This text file describes new features and changes to the software including installation, upgrade, configuration, and compatibility information. These notes also describe new and existing software problems and restrictions, and software and documentation corrections. Print this text file at the beginning of the installation procedure and read it before you install TCP/IP Services.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Installation and Configuration | This manual explains how to install and configure the TCP/IP Services product.
DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS User's Guide | This manual describes how to use the applications available with TCP/IP Services such as remote file operations, email, TELNET, TN3270, and network printing. This manual explains how to use these services to communicate with systems on private internets or on the worldwide Internet.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management | This manual describes how to configure and manage the TCP/IP Services product. Use this manual with the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Reference manual.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Reference | This manual describes the TCP/IP Services management commands. Use this manual with the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management manual.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Quick Reference Card | This reference card lists the TCP/IP management commands by component and describes the purpose of each command.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS UNIX Command Reference Card | This reference card contains information about commonly performed network management tasks and their corresponding TCP/IP management and Compaq Tru64 UNIX command formats.
DIGITAL TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS ONC RPC Programming | This manual presents an overview of high-level programming using open network computing remote procedure calls (ONC RPC). This manual also describes the RPC programming interface and how to use the RPCGEN protocol compiler to create applications.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Sockets API and System Services Programming | This manual describes how to use the Sockets API and OpenVMS system services to develop network applications.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS SNMP Programming and Reference | This manual describes the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and the SNMP application programming interface (eSNMP). It describes the subagents provided with TCP/IP Services, utilities provided for managing subagents, and how to build your own subagents.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Tuning and Troubleshooting | This manual provides information about how to isolate the causes of network problems and how to tune the TCP/IP Services software for the best performance.
Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Guide to IPv6 | This manual describes the IPv6 environment, the roles of systems in this environment, the types and function of the different IPv6 addresses, and how to configure TCP/IP Services to access the 6bone network.

For additional information about Compaq OpenVMS products and services, access the Compaq website at the following location:

    http://www.openvms.compaq.com/

For a comprehensive overview of the TCP/IP protocol suite. you might find the book Internetworking with TCP/IP: Principles, Protocols, and Architecture, by Douglas Comer, useful.

# Reader's Comments

Compaq welcomes your comments on this manual. Please send comments to either of the following addresses:

Internet | openvmsdoc@compaq.com
Mail | Compaq Computer Corporation OSSG Documentation Group, ZKO3-4/U08 110 Spit Brook Rd. Nashua, NH 03062-2698

# How to Order Additional Documentation

Visit the following World Wide Web address for information about how to order additional documentation:

    http://www.openvms.compaq.com/

If you need help deciding which documentation best meets your needs, call 800-282-6672.

# Conventions

The name TCP/IP Services means both:

- Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Alpha
- Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS VAX

The name UNIX refers to the Compaq Tru64 UNIX operating system.

The following conventions are used in this manual. In addition, please note that all IP addresses are fictitious.

Ctrl/ x | A sequence such as Ctrl/ x indicates that you must hold down the key labeled Ctrl while you press another key or a pointing device button.
PF1 x | A sequence such as PF1 x indicates that you must first press and release the key labeled PF1 and then press and release another key or a pointing device button.
`[Return]` | In examples, a key name enclosed in a box indicates that you press a key on the keyboard. (In text, a key name is not enclosed in a box.) In the HTML version of this document, this convention appears as brackets, rather than a box.
... | A horizontal ellipsis in examples indicates one of the following possibilities: Additional optional arguments in a statement have been omitted. The preceding item or items can be repeated one or more times. Additional parameters, values, or other information can be entered.
. . . | A vertical ellipsis indicates the omission of items from a code example or command format; the items are omitted because they are not important to the topic being discussed.
( ) | In command format descriptions, parentheses indicate that you must enclose choices in parentheses if you specify more than one.
[ ] | In command format descriptions, brackets indicate optional choices. You can choose one or more items or no items. Do not type the brackets on the command line. However, you must include the brackets in the syntax for OpenVMS directory specifications and for a substring specification in an assignment statement.
| | In command format descriptions, vertical bars separate choices within brackets or braces. Within brackets, the choices are optional; within braces, at least one choice is required. Do not type the vertical bars on the command line.
{ } | In command format descriptions, braces indicate required choices; you must choose at least one of the items listed. Do not type the braces on the command line.
bold text | This typeface represents the introduction of a new term. It also represents the name of an argument, an attribute, or a reason.
italic text | Italic text indicates important information, complete titles of manuals, or variables. Variables include information that varies in system output (Internal error number), in command lines (/PRODUCER= name), and in command parameters in text (where dd represents the predefined code for the device type).
UPPERCASE TEXT | Uppercase text indicates a command, the name of a routine, the name of a file, or the abbreviation for a system privilege.
`Monospace text` | Monospace type indicates code examples and interactive screen displays. This typeface indicates UNIX system output or user input, commands, options, files, directories, utilities, hosts, and users. In the C programming language, this typeface identifies the following elements: keywords, the names of independently compiled external functions and files, syntax summaries, and references to variables or identifiers introduced in an example.
- | A hyphen at the end of a command format description, command line, or code line indicates that the command or statement continues on the following line.
numbers | All numbers in text are assumed to be decimal unless otherwise noted. Nondecimal radixes---binary, octal, or hexadecimal---are explicitly indicated.

# Part 1
Connecting to the Network

Part 1 provides the information on how to get started after installing and configuring the TCP/IP Services software.

Part 1 includes the following chapters:

- Chapter 1, Managing TCP/IP Services, describes the management control interfaces that allow you to configure and manage TCP/IP Services.
- Chapter 2, Configuring Interfaces, describes how to set up network interfaces.
- Chapter 3, Configuring Serial Lines, explains how to set up serial lines.
- Chapter 4, Configuring Routing, discusses how to configure and manage network routing.

# Chapter 1
Managing TCP/IP Services

This chapter reviews information you need to get started with the TCP/IP Services software. Topics include:

- Reviewing pertinent databases, logical names, and configuration guidelines ( Section 1.1).
- Enabling support for DECnet over TCP/IP, and PATHWORKS (Advanced Server) ( Section 1.2).
- Creating user accounts and proxy identities ( Section 1.3).
- Configuring TCP/IP Services on an OpenVMS cluster ( Section 1.4).
- Starting services with the auxiliary server ( Section 1.5).

# 1.1 Getting Started

This manual assumes you installed and configured TCP/IP Services software with the configuration procedure SYS$MANAGER:TCPIP$CONFIG.COM, as described in the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Installation and Configuration manual. This menu-driven procedure configures the software components you select or all of the TCP/IP Services software components. The "out-of-the-box" defaults are designed to get your system up and running as an internet host with minimal effort.

TCPIP$CONFIG creates the database files listed in Table 1-1.

Table 1-1 Configuration Databases
Database | File Name
--- | ---
BOOTP database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$BOOTP.DAT
Configuration database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$CONFIGURATION.DAT
Export database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$EXPORT.DAT
Hosts database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$HOST.DAT
Networks database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$NETWORK.DAT
Proxy database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$PROXY.DAT
Routes database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$ROUTE.DAT
Services database | SYS$COMMON:[SYSEXE]TCPIP$SERVICE.DAT

## 1.1.1 Logical Names

Logical names allow you to customize or modify component behavior. Logical names also point to directories, database files, and log files.

TCPIP$CONFIG defines the following logical names for the databases listed in Table 1-1:

- TCPIP$BOOTP
- TCPIP$CONFIG
- TCPIP$EXPORT
- TCPIP$HOST
- TCPIP$NETWORK
- TCPIP$PROXY
- TCPIP$ROUTE
- TCPIP$SERVICE

See individual component chapters in this manual for information on how specific components use logical names.

## 1.1.2 Modifying Your Configuration

After the initial configuration, you may want to reconfigure existing components or configure new ones, disable and re-enable components, add hosts, reconfigure routing, and so forth.

When making any configuration modifications, Compaq strongly recommends that you run the configuration procedure TCPIP$CONFIG again.

Note You cannot use TCPIP$CONFIG to set up SLIP or PPP lines. See Chapter 3 for more information.

In some instances, TCPIP$CONFIG only partially configures a component (for example, when configuring a BIND name server). You may need to run additional setup programs or enter management commands to complete the configuration and fine-tune your environment.

Component-specific chapters in this manual describe additional configuration tasks and explain how to configure and manage specific components. These tasks may include:

- Manually adding information, such as database records, that the configuration procedure cannot handle
- Temporarily enabling or disabling a service
- Configuring customized applications
- Tuning performance
- Troubleshooting

## 1.1.3 Saving Changes

The configuration procedure TCPIP$CONFIG saves configuration and initialization information in the file TCPIP$CONFIGURATION.DAT. You can modify the configuration dynamically or permanently, as follows:

- SET commands modify the software dynamically, as it is running. Changes made in this manner are not saved permanently and are overwritten if they differ from settings in the permanent configuration database.
- SET CONFIGURATION commands modify the permanent database but do not take effect until the next time the product starts up.

To make changes take effect immediately and modify permanent settings, enter both the interactive SET and permanent SET CONFIGURATION commands.

The following commands permanently modify the configuration database:

- SET CONFIGURATION BIND
- SET CONFIGURATION COMMUNICATION
- SET CONFIGURATION ENABLE SERVICE
- SET CONFIGURATION DISABLE SERVICE
- SET CONFIGURATION INTERFACE
- SET CONFIGURATION NAME_SERVICE
- SET CONFIGURATION PROTOCOL
- SET CONFIGURATION SMTP
- SET CONFIGURATION SNMP
- SET CONFIGURATION START ROUTING
- SET CONFIGURATION START NOROUTING

Note Throughout this manual, all commands are assumed to be TCP/IP management commands. Any DCL commands that are mentioned are identified as such. For a full description of the TCP/IP management commands and a discussion of how to use them, see the Compaq TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS Management Command Reference manual.

## 1.1.4 Starting and Stopping the Software

To start TCP/IP Services manually, enter the following command:

    $ @SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$STARTUP

The startup procedure enables the configured services and initializes the configured network interfaces.

To stop (shut down) the product manually, enter the following command:

    $ @SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$SHUTDOWN

The shutdown procedure does the following:

1. Stops network communication
2. Disables active services
3. Deletes the network interface definitions
4. Deassigns defined logical names
5. Deletes installed images

To start TCP/IP Services automatically, add the following command to the system startup file:

    $ @SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$STARTUP.COM

To maintain site-specific startup and shutdown commands and settings, create the following files:

- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$SYSTARTUP.COM
- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$SYSHUTDOWN.COM

The site-specific startup procedure is invoked after all the TCP/IP services have been started. These files are not overwritten when you install a new version of TCP/IP Services.

Compaq recommends that you use the TCPIP$CONFIG configuration procedure to stop and start services. However, startup and shutdown files are provided for individual services, allowing you to stop and start individual components without impacting the operation of the remaining TCP/IP Services software.

This feature allows you to modify a service configuration without restarting the TCP/IP Services product. For example, you can shut down the LPD service, change its configuration parameters, and then restart it, without interrupting the other TCP/IP services that are running on the system.

Each service is provided with its own startup and shutdown command procedures, as follows:

- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$service_STARTUP.COM, a supplied command procedure that ensures the environment is configured appropriately and starts up the component specified by service.
- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$service_SHUTDOWN.COM, a supplied command procedure that shuts down a specific service component without affecting the other services that are running.

To preserve site-specific parameter settings and commands for a specific service, create the following files, specifying the service or component name for service. These files are not overwritten when you reinstall TCP/IP Services:

- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$service_SYSTARTUP.COM can be used to store site-specific startup commands.
  This procedure is invoked by the appropriate service-specific startup procedure prior to running the service. Use the *_SYSTARTUP procedure to modify the behavior of the service each time the service or TCP/IP Services is restarted. For example, to enable debugging mode for DHCP, define the logical TCPIP$DHCP_DEBUG in the SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$DHCP_SYSTARTUP.COM file. When DHCP next starts, it will run in debug mode.
- SYS$STARTUP:TCPIP$service_SYSHUTDOWN.COM can be used to store site-specific shutdown commands.

Service-specific startup and shutdown procedures, as well as configuration parameters, are described in the later chapters of this manual.

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