### 11.2.4.4 ES Editing

The ES data edit descriptor transfers values by using scientific notation. It takes the following form:

  ESw.d[Ee]

The value of d (the number of places after the decimal point) plus e (the number of digits in the exponent) must not exceed the value of w (the field width).

The specified I/O list item must be of type real, or it must be the real or imaginary part of a complex type.

Rules for Input Processing

On input, the ES data edit descriptor transfers w characters from an external field and assigns their real value to the corresponding I/O list item. The ES descriptor interprets and assigns input data in the same way as the F data edit descriptor (see Section 11.2.4.1).

The following shows input using the ES edit descriptor (the symbol ^ represents a nonprinting blank character):

    Format     Input           Value
    ES11.3      ^^5.321E+00       5.32100
    ES11.3       -6.000E-03       -.60000
    ES12.3     ^^^3.150E-03        .00315
    ES12.3     ^^^3.829E+03    3829.0

Rules for Output Processing

On output, the ES data edit descriptor transfers the real value of the corresponding I/O list item, right-justified and rounded to d decimal positions, to an external field that is w characters long. The real value is output in scientific notation, where the absolute value of the significand is greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10 (unless the output value is zero).

The w should be greater than or equal to d+7 to allow for the following:

- A sign (optional if the value is positive and descriptor SP is not in effect)
- One digit to the left of the decimal point
- The decimal point
- The d digits to the right of the decimal point
- The exponent

The exponent takes one of the following forms:

Edit Descriptor | Absolute Value of Exponent | Positive Form of Exponent | Negative Form of Exponent
--- | --- | --- | ---
ESw.d | |exp| <= 99 | E+nn | E-nn
| 99 < |exp| <= 999 | +nnn | -nnn
ESw.dEe | |exp| <= 10e - 1 | E+n1n2...ne | E-n1n2...ne

If the exponent value is too large to be converted into one of these forms, an error occurs.

The exponent field width (e) is optional; if omitted, the default value is 2. If e is specified, the w should be greater than or equal to d+e+5.

The following shows output using the ES edit descriptor (the symbol ^ represents a nonprinting blank character):

    Format     Value         Output
    ES11.2     473214.356    ^^^4.73E+05
    ES11.5     473214.356    4.73214E+05
    ES12.3          0.00069  ^^^6.900E-04
    ES10.3         -0.5555   -0.555E-01
    ES11.2          0.0      ^0.000E+00

For More Information:

- On the form for data edit descriptors, see Section 11.2.1.
- On general rules for numeric editing, see Section 11.2.2.

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