# Compaq BASIC for OpenVMS
Alpha and VAX Systems
User Manual

Begin | Index

Contents (summary)
Preface | Preface
Part 1 | Developing BASIC Programs on OpenVMS Systems
Chapter 1 | Overview of the BASIC Language
Chapter 2 | Developing Programs in the VAX BASIC Environment
Chapter 3 | Developing BASIC Programs at the DCL Command Level
Chapter 4 | Using the OpenVMS Debugger with BASIC
Part 2 | Compaq BASIC Programming Concepts
Chapter 5 | BASIC Concepts and Elements
Chapter 6 | Simple Input and Output
Chapter 7 | Arrays
Chapter 8 | Data Definition
Chapter 9 | Creating and Using Data Structures
Chapter 10 | Program Control
Chapter 11 | Functions
Chapter 12 | String Handling
Chapter 13 | Program Segmentation
Chapter 14 | File Input and Output
Chapter 15 | Formatting Output with the PRINT USING Statement
Chapter 16 | Handling Run-Time Errors
Chapter 17 | Compiler Directives
Chapter 18 | Data Representation
Part 3 | Using BASIC Features on OpenVMS Systems
Chapter 19 | Advanced File Input and Output
Chapter 20 | Using BASIC in the Common Language Environment
Chapter 21 | Libraries and Shareable Images
Chapter 22 | Using CDD/Repository with BASIC
Chapter 23 | Using DECwindows Motif Bindings with BASIC
Appendix A | Compile-Time Error Messages
Appendix B | Run-Time Messages
Appendix C | Optional Programming Productivity Tools
| Index
| Figures
| Examples
| Tables

## Contents

Preface
Preface | Preface
Part 1
Part 1 | Developing BASIC Programs on OpenVMS Systems
Chapter 1
1 | Overview of the BASIC Language
Chapter 2
2 | Developing Programs in the VAX BASIC Environment
2.1 | Entering the Environment
2.2 | Creating and Running Programs
2.3 | Immediate Mode
2.4 | Debugging in Immediate Mode
2.5 | Compiler Commands
2.5.1 | Entering Comments
2.5.2 | Entering DCL Commands
2.5.3 | APPEND Command
2.5.4 | ASSIGN Command
2.5.5 | COMPILE Command
2.5.6 | CONTINUE Command
2.5.7 | DELETE Command
2.5.8 | EDIT Command
2.5.9 | EXIT Command
2.5.10 | HELP Command
2.5.11 | IDENTIFY Command
2.5.12 | LIST and LISTNH Commands
2.5.13 | LOAD Command
2.5.14 | LOCK Command
2.5.15 | NEW Command
2.5.16 | OLD Command
2.5.17 | RENAME Command
2.5.18 | REPLACE Command
2.5.19 | RESEQUENCE Command
2.5.20 | RUN and RUNNH Commands
2.5.21 | SAVE Command
2.5.22 | SCALE Command
2.5.23 | SCRATCH Command
2.5.24 | SEQUENCE Command
2.5.25 | SET Command
2.5.26 | SHOW Command
2.5.27 | UNSAVE Command
Chapter 3
3 | Developing BASIC Programs at the DCL Command Level
3.1 | Compiling a BASIC Program
3.1.1 | BASIC Command
3.1.2 | BASIC Command Qualifiers
3.1.3 | Declining Qualifiers and Their Recommended Replacements
3.1.4 | Compiler Listings
3.2 | Linking a BASIC Program
3.2.1 | LINK Command
3.2.2 | LINK Command Qualifiers
3.2.3 | Linker Input Files
3.2.4 | Linker Output Files
3.2.5 | Using an Object Module Library
3.2.6 | Linker Error Messages
3.3 | Running a BASIC Program
3.3.1 | Improving Run-Time Performance of Alpha BASIC Programs
3.3.1.1 | Data Items
3.3.1.2 | Qualifiers
3.3.1.3 | Statements
Chapter 4
4 | Using the OpenVMS Debugger with BASIC
4.1 | Overview of the Debugger
4.2 | Compiling and Linking to Prepare for Debugging
4.3 | Viewing Your Source Code
4.3.1 | Noscreen Mode
4.3.2 | Screen Mode
4.4 | Controlling and Monitoring Program Execution
4.4.1 | Starting and Resuming Program Execution
4.4.2 | Determining the Current Location of the Program Counter
4.4.3 | Suspending Program Execution
4.4.4 | Tracing Program Execution
4.4.5 | Monitoring Changes in Variables
4.5 | Examining and Manipulating Data
4.5.1 | Displaying the Values of Variables
4.5.2 | Changing the Values of Variables
4.5.3 | Evaluating Expressions
4.6 | Stepping Into BASIC Routines
4.6.1 | Controlling Symbol References
4.7 | A Sample Debugging Session
4.8 | Hints for Using the OpenVMS Debugger with Alpha BASIC
Part 2
Part 2 | Compaq BASIC Programming Concepts
Chapter 5
5 | BASIC Concepts and Elements
5.1 | Line Numbers
5.1.1 | Programs with Line Numbers
5.1.2 | Programs Without Line Numbers
5.1.3 | Labels
5.1.4 | Continuation of Long Program Statements
5.2 | Identifying Program Units
5.3 | BASIC Character Set
5.4 | Program Documentation
5.5 | Declarations and Data Types
5.5.1 | Implicit Data Typing
5.5.2 | Explicit Data Typing
5.6 | Constants
5.7 | Variables
5.7.1 | Floating-Point Variables
5.7.2 | Integer Variables
5.7.3 | Packed Decimal Variables
5.7.4 | String Variables
5.7.5 | Subscripted Variables
5.7.6 | Initialization of Variables
5.8 | Keywords and Reserved Words
5.9 | Operands, Operators, and Expressions
5.10 | Assignment Statements

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